M'kati mwaPCBkupanga, kupanga aStencil yachitsulo (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti "stencil")ikuchitika kuti molondola ntchito solder phala pa solder phala wosanjikiza wa PCB.The solder paste layer, yomwe imatchedwanso "paste mask layer," ndi gawo la fayilo ya PCB yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauzira malo ndi mawonekedwe asolder phala.Chigawo ichi chikuwonekera pamaso paukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri (SMT)zigawo ndi soldered pa PCB, kusonyeza kumene solder phala ayenera kuikidwa.Pakugulitsa, stencil yachitsulo imakwirira phala la solder, ndipo phala la solder limayikidwa ndendende pamapadi a PCB kudzera m'mabowo a stencil, kuwonetsetsa kugulitsa kolondola panthawi yophatikiza gawo lotsatira.
Choncho, phala la solder ndilofunika kwambiri popanga stencil yachitsulo.Kumayambiriro kwa kupanga kwa PCB, chidziwitso chokhudza phala la solder chimatumizidwa kwa wopanga PCB, yemwe amapanga stencil yogwirizana ndi zitsulo kuti atsimikizire kulondola ndi kudalirika kwa ndondomeko ya soldering.
Mu mapangidwe a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), "pastemask" (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti "solder paste mask" kapena "solder mask") ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri.Zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga solderingzipangizo zokwera pamwamba (SMDs).
Ntchito ya stencil yachitsulo ndikuletsa phala la solder kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito kumadera omwe soldering sayenera kuchitika pamene mukugulitsa zigawo za SMD.Solder phala ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza zigawo za SMD ku mapepala a PCB, ndipo phala la pasmask limakhala ngati "chotchinga" kuonetsetsa kuti phala la solder likugwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera enaake a soldering.
Mapangidwe a pasmask wosanjikiza ndi ofunika kwambiri pakupanga kwa PCB chifukwa amakhudza mwachindunji khalidwe la soldering ndi ntchito yonse ya zigawo za SMD.Pa mapangidwe a PCB, okonza ayenera kuganizira mozama za masanjidwe a pasmask wosanjikiza, kuonetsetsa kuti akugwirizana ndi zigawo zina, monga pad wosanjikiza ndi chigawo wosanjikiza, kutsimikizira kulondola ndi kudalirika kwa ndondomeko soldering.
Zopangira Zopangira Zopangira Mask Layer ( Steel Stencil) mu PCB:
Pakupanga ndi kupanga PCB, ndondomeko ya ndondomeko ya Solder Mask Layer (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Steel Stencil) imatanthauzidwa ndi miyezo yamakampani ndi zofuna za opanga.Nawa mafotokozedwe odziwika bwino a Solder Mask Layer:
1. IPC-SM-840C: Ichi ndi muyezo wa Solder Mask Layer wokhazikitsidwa ndi IPC (Association Connecting Electronics Industries).Muyezowu umafotokoza magwiridwe antchito, mawonekedwe akuthupi, kulimba, makulidwe, ndi zofunikira pakugulitsa kwa chigoba cha solder.
2. Mtundu ndi Mtundu: Chigoba cha solder chikhoza kubwera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana, mongaHot Air Solder Leveling (HASL) or Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold(ENIG), ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ikhoza kukhala ndi zofunikira zapadera.
3. Kuphimba kwa Solder Mask Layer: Chophimba chigoba cha solder chiyenera kuphimba madera onse omwe amafunikira kusungunuka kwa zigawo, ndikuwonetsetsa kutetezedwa koyenera kwa malo omwe sayenera kugulitsidwa.Chigoba cha solder chiyeneranso kupewa kuphimba malo oyikapo kapena zolembera za silika.
4. Kumveka kwa Chophimba Chophimba Chophimba: Chophimba chigoba chiyenera kukhala chomveka bwino kuti zitsimikizire kuwonekera momveka bwino kwa m'mphepete mwa mapepala a solder ndi kuteteza phala la solder kuti lisasefukire kumalo osayenera.
5. Makulidwe a Solder Mask Layer: Makulidwe a solder chigoba wosanjikiza ayenera kutsatira zofunika muyezo, nthawi zambiri mu osiyanasiyana makumi angapo micrometers.
6. Kupewa Pini: Zida zina zapadera kapena mapini angafunikire kukhala owonekera mu solder chigoba wosanjikiza kukwaniritsa zofunika soldering.Zikatero, mawonekedwe a chigoba cha solder angafunike kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito chigoba cha solder m'malo enieniwo.
Kutsatira izi ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire mtundu komanso kulondola kwa wosanjikiza wa chigoba cha solder, motero kupititsa patsogolo kupambana ndi kudalirika kwa kupanga PCB.Kuphatikiza apo, kutsatira izi kumathandizira kukhathamiritsa magwiridwe antchito a PCB ndikuwonetsetsa kusanjika bwino ndi kugulitsa zigawo za SMD.Kugwirizana ndi wopanga ndikutsata miyezo yoyenera pakupanga mapangidwe ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti zitsulo zachitsulo zimakhala zabwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-04-2023
